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The prehistoric architecture.
The first architecture. The Paleolithic human groups were nomadic, good part of
the Neolithic ones also, or were semi sedentary. They had to exist, in addition
to the refuges in caves, forms of protection against the inclemency and the
action of the predators; it is possible that they were "ephemeral constructions"
of which has not been left vestiges. Already in Çatal Hüyük, present Turkey,
(10.000-6.000 a. C.) are rests of stable houses; the construction equipment was
the clay (pieces dried to the sun). The successive constructions on these
Neolithic ones do difficult to know how first architecture was that.
The monumental architecture older than is known is the calls
megaliths. One treats, surely, of funeral monuments constructed with great stone
blocks devastated in cubical forms or parallelepipeds. The simpler megalithic
form is to menhir, a simple block sunk vertically in the ground. Alignments of
menhires and cromlechs also exist, set of menhires that locks up a circular
space (Stonehenge, England). More complex is dolmen, since it has cover (Cave of
Menga, in Malaga). Talayotes and shuttles are own megaliths of the Balearic
Islands. |
