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Components of the color.
The color: a component of qualification and meaning of the urban atmosphere is
due to become aware from the roll of the color in the city, to
include/understand the reach of the same one and to assume the commitment that
is incumbent on to him to all those that they take part in the process of
construction of the urban atmosphere. One is due to understand that the color in
the city much more implies that the simple application of the same one in the
urban appearance and that when doing we are contributing it in the definition of
the urban vital space. The specialists in the design of the urban surroundings
do not have including the color with all their variable potentiality as of
design. This she does not perceive herself single with the eyes, but yet the
past, history and the conception that is had of the world. The color is a
cultural fact, and we perceived it with all the culture. Generally, in the
course of history, the color in the search has been used to produce "a colorist
effect" in the architecture work. These "effects" respond to different
motivations and act diverse as, (primitive, abstract, decorative) and
communicative fundamentally symbolic (decoder, descriptive, exalting,
contextualistas, etc.). From influence of the Reformation (Lutero, one of the
main exponents that contributes philosophical sustenance), becomes the glance
towards the Classicism (balanced synthesis of form and space), with a
devaluation of the roll of the color. In half of century XVIII the first
archaeological discoveries that take place they reveal the intense use of the
color in the classic architecture.
It modifies the tendencies of the time, which is translated
in two currents: one that includes the use of the color in the architecture, and
other than resists, centering its position in the achromatism. Enlisted in this
last one we could include Ruskin (century XIX), that it would influence to the
Modern Movement in general, although some of their founders like W. Gropius, B.
Taut, To Behne, etc., developed several attempts to include the color in the
city and to create new forms of communication using itself the color like means.
The color of a city is an aspect of its history. Until the Industrial
Revolution, the towns and cities of the western world developed a slow process
of organic growth, using material of the region. The available materials gave
form to styles architectonic very different, producing ambient urban from great
visual harmony, unified by scale, materials, and fundamentally by their color,
which generated urban structures with immutable chromatic identities. At the
present time we used the colors as support of the form, for structure, to
emphasize, to heighten, to stimulate or to revalue an architecture work, without
becoming aware absolute of the environmental phenomenon that this performance
produces. We failed to take advantage of therefore the qualities of the color, a
simultaneously abstract and descriptive element that can enrich the form of the
space with a greater meaning and can increase the content identifier, experience
and orientative line of vision of a city. The colorist effect of an urban
atmosphere is not also based single on the tones of color in themselves that
cover the surfaces, but in the importance of the light, since through his nature
they put harmony with the place altogether. Also the distribution of the masses
of shades that articulate the surroundings has a vital importance to produce the
impression of the color.
The shades never are colorless, reason why they influence in
the determination of the environmental trowel. The different regions and cities
of the planet been have identified traditionally with particular ranks of color,
the climatic resultants of ranges produced by the local materials, light, shades
and all agents who modify the sensation of the environmental color. We could
mention exemplary cases in all the countries. The color is determining of the
urban identity. Sporadically, in the course of history, groups of people related
to thematic urban, sensitized and the conscientious ones of the importance del
color in the city, made proposals to optimize the "spirit del place" as the case
of Turin (1800), creating a plan of color for the whole city. These examples
would be enlisted in the first current to which we made reference, which
includes the use of the color in the architecture.
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