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The color and the painting.
History of the color in the Painting. The color is a
subjective creation; it is not in the things nor in the intermediary agents and
as so the chromatic symphony of an artwork is the result of an astute
combination of colors, of subjective colors, in where the artist is the one who
thanks to life to his inspiration and its technique to the experimental color.
Within this subject we can see the difference between the physical color and
artistic, in where first a number or wavelength is expressed in and in the
second, he concerns the absolute value of the surface and contour, that is that
is not same the red one in a circle that in a square. He is why in the game of
the color he only concerns the imagination force, the chosen materials and the
technique of his use. The painters, teachers of the color, have an ample freedom
of expression due to the accumulation of experiences that make them be able to
choose the color necessary in a space and to accommodate it in joint function,
so that this it can cause aesthetic emotions with his chromatic rates. Of this
quality the color is the protagonist who generates the work, without of course
excluding the originality from a new vision or the influence of a culture. Each
tone, each shade has a meaning or a suggestion that unites in all message to
which it sees it with who receives it, is why what matters it is the emotional
aspect of the color, classifying them in warm and cold. Referring to this the
cold colors express apartment, distance, reserve and distinction. The warm ones
evoke proximity and privacy, this code has been used per years, but lately the
painters have applied them in inverse sense, the combination of these allows
creating what he knows himself like "warm illusion in depth". As soon as style,
is Paul Gauguin that defends the idea that "only a ignorant eye assigns a fixed
and immutable color to each object".
The color in the western painting was born morally
restricted, due to the prevailing rigidity from century V a. C., to which the
Greek wise people obeyed already, for those who the true art must express purity
and sobriety, rejecting all brightness and brilliance, thus only occupied four
colors: target, yellow, red and black bluish. India criticizes itself hard all
originating of the East, rather, because they’re magnificent and exotic colors
took place that are against the idea of chromatic moderation. Also they refused
to any mixture of colors because it meant conflict, change, rotting, thus
preferred the method to encaustic, that is to say, the one of the optical
mixture. Unlike the Greeks, the Romans operated one more a ampler range of
colors being this of manifesto in the investigations done in the ruins of
Pompeya, in where 29 pigments have been identified at least. With the arrival of
the call gothic art a chromatic wealth took place, putting in scene in the show
windows of the European cathedrals, where the blue one crowned the king of the
colors, emphasizing cathedrals like Chartres, Notre Dame and Saint Denis. In
century XIV, the main Italian painting schools were in Florence and Siena,
places where he appeared one of the most important painters of the time, Giotto
I gave to Bondone, since with him it was inaugurated the use of the stumped
shades and the mixture of colors, finding in the Flanders of century XV the
motor of this time: the oil. In 1430 the history of the color in the painting
saw lucky person thanks to that Leon Alberty Batiste, architect and Italian
humanist, noticed on the new chromatic principles rejecting the old Greek
definitions when using all the tones, in addition it considered to the key gray
as in all composition and suggested to resist the colors according to the rule
of the complementary opposed ones. It is the most important figure of century
XV; painters of the naturalism even followed his foundations. It is as well as
the revolution of the color found its antecedents in the luminosity that
characterized to the Renaissance, when Italian painters exposed to the light as
a presence forced in each picture. |
