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Theory of the design. ARCHAIC
CERAMICS And PAINTINGS. DECORATED VASIJAS ARCHAIC. Towards year 675
a. C. The painters of ceramics of Corintio began to decorate the pieces with
black silhouettes of figures, animals marching past generally, made with cleared
and ready forms in one or several small frisks. Protocorintio is the denominated
style. In the style corintio, that was totally developed towards the 550 a. C.
And of which conserve numerous examples, the glasses are jammed of figures on
floral bottoms. In vessel fabulous monsters often imagine, like the chimera that
spits fire, a creature with lion head, body of goat and tail of dragoon. In the
average archaic period, Athens saturated the Mediterranean market of ceramic
objects. The popularity of the Athenian ceramics had to its practical character,
its beautiful proportions, velvety finished his, black like the jet *, and to
the narrative scenes whereupon it was decorated. The decoration of vessel
ceramics with the technique of the black figures, that arrived from Corintio at
Athens towards the 625 a. C., was combined with the old Athenian, more linear
style and of greater size. The decoration was made in engobe * black on the red
color of the clay. The details were recorded by incision and sometimes they
stood out and depth with the use of reflections of red and white color occurred
them. As of this moment, the scenes represented in the ceramic glasses and the
artists who painted them can identify by certain inscriptions.
The glasses decorated with the technique of the red figures
were made year 530 a. C. for the first time, by initiative of the Andocides
ceramist. The decoration was made with a pictorial technique to the inverse one,
that is to say, the bottom painted of black, leaving the figures in the red
color of the clay. The details, instead of becoming by means of incisions in the
clay, were drawn with engobe black that often formed a subtle relief. A new
color, the chestnut tree golden, obtained when diluting the black varnish was
also used. The Athenian painters developed towards the 540 a. C. A new style.
These innovations, besides to show an increasing interest by the human anatomy,
brought a new conception of the space that became patent in the use of escorzo *
and in the use of a layer of brown color to create shades. This it was the
beginning of a type of painting in which the tridimensionalidad illusion obtains
so much by the shaded one of the figures as by the resistance of color spots.
Although the style of the black figures throughout continued being dominant the
archaic period, the production in the style of red figures went away increasing
little by little. Design of Structures for the Architecture.
Armed members. The armed members are obtained to each other connecting two or
more plates or profiles, so that they act like a unique member. These members
can be necessary due to area requirements, the one that sometimes cannot be
provided with a laminated profile simple, or by rigidity requirements, since for
a same area it can be obtained a little while from much greater inertia with
sections armed than with laminated profiles simple; another reason can be the
necessity of an suitable connection, when wide or peralte required for the
connection of the member cannot be obtained with a laminated section standard.
Another advantage of the armed members is that they can become sufficiently
rigid so that they support to compression as tension as much and, therefore, are
desirable of structures where investments of efforts can appear. |
