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The steel.
Steel alloys. Commonly known like special steel, they are
carbon steels, alloyed with other metals or nonmetals, resultants of the search
of the improvement of his characteristics. The added elements current are: the
nickel, the chromium, vanadium, molybdenum, magnesium, silicon, tungsten,
cobalt, aluminum, etc.
Steel to nickel. They are stainless and magnetic steel. The nickel increases
the critical load, the elastic limit, the extension and the impact resistance or
resilience, on a par that diminish the expansions by effect of the heat. When
they contain from the 10 to 15% of nickel they even warm up if one cools off
them slowly.
Steel to chromium. The chromium communicates hardness and a greater
penetration of the weather, reason why they can be tempering to the oil. The
steel with 1.15 to 1.30% of carbon and 0.80 to 1% of chromium are used for the
lamina manufacture due to their great hardness, and in small scale those that
have 0.3 to 0.4% of carbon and 1% of chromium.
Steel to chromium-nickel. Of use more current than first, they are used in
the proportion of carbon up to 0.10%, chromium 0.70% and nickel 3%; or carbon up
to 15%, chromium 1% and nickel 4%, like cementation steel. The steel for oil
weather is used with diverse proportions; one of current use would be the one
that has carbon 0.30, chromium 0.7% and nickel 3%.
Steel to chromium-molybdenum. They are steel easier to work than the others
with the machines tools. The molybdenum communicates a great penetration of the
weather in steel; they are used more and more in construction, tending to the
substitution of the steel to nickel. Of the most current types we have those of
carbon 0.10%, chromium 1% and molybdenum 0.2% and the one of carbon 0.3%,
chromium 1% and molybdenum 0,2%; between these two examples there are many
others whose composition varies according to its use.
Steel to chromium-nickel molybdenum. They are steel of very good mechanical
characteristic. An example of much application is the one that has carbon 0.15%
to 0.2%, chromium 1 to 1.25%, and nickel 4% and molybdenum 0,5%.
Stainless steel. The stainless steel is the resistant ones to the action of
the atmospheric and chemical agents. First which they made were for the cutlery,
with the proportion from 13 to 14% of chromium. Other steel was destined to the
manufacture of surgery apparatuses, with the proportion from 18 to 20% from
chromium and 8 to 10% of nickel; they are also resistant to the action of the
water of sea. A steel of great resistance to the oxidation in hot is the one
that have 20 to 30% of chromium and 5% of aluminum.
Anticorrosive steel. These are welded steel of high resistance and under
tenor of their alloy components: carbon, silicon, sulfur, manganese, phosphorus,
nickel or vanadium, chromium and receive. Outdoors they are covered with an
oxide that prevents the inner corrosion, which allows is possible to be used
without another protection. Like result of tests conducted by something more
than ten years, one has settled down that its resistance to the atmospheric
agents is of to eight four times greater than those of the common steel to
carbon. Ve in her and who does not
have apparatuses that save water, would need a tank 1,000 gallons. |
