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The temples are characteristic, with small camera with altar ahead, and in which
the most characteristic element is zigurat or tower formed by terraces to which
it was promoted by inclines, of which piles of earth and pieces of the plinths
with formed vertical bands with own bricks subsist. Summery is used in the
period the tomb of the runner, with false cupola, obtained by approach of lines,
according to we see in Ur, the fourth millennium. The palaces are complex
constructions, erected on terraces, with several patios and great narrow rooms,
with terraces in which sometimes gardens were arranged, including/understanding,
also, within enclosure one or several temples, with his zigurat. They were
properly cities like palaces, model that is to be followed in other cultures.
Also the city-planning organizations, of which we have abundant references,
fundamentally of Babylonia are important.
Persian: In the Persian architecture of the aqueménida period one is used
the brick and the stone, fusing Egyptian and mesopotámic forms. Buildings
characteristic are palaces, (Pasargada, Persépolis, Susa), built on terraces, in
that the adienteladas doors that end like the Egyptian pillions (Egyptian
gullet) with two winged monsters, of curled wings, with four legs and not with
five, like the asirios are characteristic elements by which they are inspired.
Between the dependencies that offer like newness having windows, unlike the
zenithal illumination of the Egyptian and mesopotámic buildings, they are
characteristic the great rooms or apadanas, with stone columns of high altitude,
that originally were of wood, with capital formed by double row of scrolls, of
origin oleo, and two torsos of made kneel bulls, in which it supported the wood
cover. To this aqueménida period two types of tombs correspond: the one of Ciro
in Pasargada, form of aedicule and in relation to the art of Asia Smaller, and
the one of Darío, excavated on the rock (Nakshé-Rustem), like the Egyptian
hipogeos. The constructions sasánida, represented by the palaces of Firuzabad,
Sarvistán and Ctesifon, are important, by the use of the brick, the arc and the
systems vaulted, singularly by the cupolas on tubes. In these palaces either he
appears iwán, like porch with a great arc opened to or patio, that we will see
in the Islamic art. |
